Words with -ed Endings Pronounced as /d/: Comprehensive Spelling List
Understanding words that end in -ed with the /d/ sound is a crucial part of English phonics instruction. These words represent the past tense form where the -ed ending is pronounced as a distinct /d/ sound, following voiced consonants or vowel sounds.
Complete List of -ed Words with /d/ Sound
Here's a comprehensive list of words where the -ed ending is pronounced as /d/:
needed, crowded, loaded, boarded, landed, handed, stranded, ended, pounded, sounded, acted, lifted, melted, waited, heated, floated, rested, tested, roasted, toasted, trusted, rented, hunted, counted, haunted, pointed, printed, planted, painted, fainted, filled, spilled, yelled, smelled, cooled, fooled, mailed, sailed, boiled, spoiled, howled, growled, crawled, soared, cheered, steered, aimed, claimed, seemed, dreamed, rained, sprained, moaned, groaned, loaned, cleaned, yawned, frowned, stayed, played
Understanding the /d/ Sound in -ed Endings
When teaching these words, it's important to note that the /d/ sound occurs after voiced sounds. This pattern helps students recognize and pronounce these endings correctly. The -ed ending is pronounced as /d/ when: - It follows a voiced consonant (like /n/ in "cleaned") - It follows a vowel sound (like in "played") - It follows /r/ or /l/ sounds (like in "soared" or "sailed")
Alignment with Common Core Standards
These -ed ending words align with multiple Common Core Standards. Most notably:
- CCSS.ELA-LITERACY.L.2.2: "Demonstrate command of the conventions of standard English capitalization, punctuation, and spelling when writing."
- CCSS.ELA-LITERACY.L.3.2.E: "Use conventional spelling for high-frequency and other studied words and for adding suffixes to base words."
These standards are particularly relevant because understanding the -ed ending pronunciation rules is crucial for both reading and spelling. Students must learn how to recognize and correctly apply these endings when writing, which directly supports their development of conventional spelling patterns and their understanding of how suffixes modify base words.
Teaching Strategies for -ed Endings
When introducing these words to students, consider these effective approaches: 1. Group words by their base sound patterns 2. Practice both reading and writing the words 3. Use the words in context through sentences and stories 4. Compare and contrast with other -ed ending pronunciations (/t/ and /əd/)
Creating Custom Spelling Worksheets
Want to help your students master these -ed ending words? Our worksheet creator tool allows you to generate custom spelling practice materials using any combination of words from this list.
Create a worksheet using words from this list
Additional Resources and Practice
Regular practice with these words helps students internalize the spelling patterns and pronunciation rules. Consider incorporating these words into: - Daily writing exercises - Reading comprehension activities - Phonics lessons - Spelling tests - Word games and activities
Remember that mastery of these endings is a gradual process, and students benefit from repeated exposure and practice in various contexts.